Bioresilience 2.0: reconsidering preparedness and response adaptability against high uncertainty in surging and repeated bioevents

Suboptimal management, declining host immunity and fitness, and increased pathogen diversity, evolution, and emergence constitute, as a whole, a worrisome biosecurity perspective, especially through the One Health lens. This article aims to increase systemic resilience, robustness, and effectiveness against bioevents affecting the entirety of potential hosts, including humans, animals, plants, and microbes, in all relevant environments: urban, rural, industrial, hospital, and wildlife. Bioresilience 2.0 integrates better governance with improved cognition and diverse relevant technologies to make preparedness and response relevant, adequate, sustainable, and affordable. The main message of this conceptual review is that emerging bioscience technologies, empowered by new or improved concepts and operating procedures, implemented through hardware derived from other fields, and governed optimally, may result in more effective preparedness and response. As practical implications, less systemic liability and increased readiness are expected, with dispersed, multiple, sustainable formats achievable through affordable commercial support technologies and means, coupled to integrative approaches that stress flexibility, procedural and technical synergies, and are informed by integrative thinking across sectors and by innovative, coordinated planning by the respective implicated agencies, which would guide surveillance and intervention