Scientific Conference Reports

The 4th International Conference on Vaccines Research and Development (ICVRD-2026) was held on April 13–14, 2026 at Hotel Inn Paris CDG Airport, Paris, France. The two-day conference included plenary and keynote lectures by experienced experts, as well as oral talks, poster presentations, workshops, and panel discussions. The main objective of the meeting was to promote connections among scientists working in vaccines research and development, enabling them to share experiences, disseminate the latest information on progress in their specialties and related fields, gain visibility for their research, encourage interaction between young researchers and established experts, and support professional development. Vaccines-2026 served as an international platform for researchers from around the world to meet, establish new collaborations, and broaden their professional networks. The event successfully brought together the global scientific community in Paris for an inspiring and productive congress in 2026 Organizing Committee Members: De-chu Christopher Tang CEO OF VaxDome, USA Barry T. Rouse University of Tennessee, USA Daphne E Holt Chair - Coalition for Life-Course Immunization (CLCI), France Angela Ikeme University of San Francisco, USA Monika Derecque-Pois Founder - Healthcare Chain Institute, Belgium

The World Summit on Food, Agriculture and Animal Sciences (WSFAAS-2026) was held from April 22–24, 2026, in Amsterdam, Netherlands. This international summit served as a vital platform for researchers, industry experts, and professionals to exchange knowledge, present innovative research, and discuss emerging trends in food production, sustainable agriculture, and animal sciences. The event addressed key challenges in global food security, advancements in agricultural technologies, and innovations in animal health and livestock management. Attendees engaged in insightful discussions, explored the latest scientific developments, and collaborated on solutions to enhance sustainability and efficiency across these fields. Featuring plenary sessions, keynote lectures, panel discussions, and scientific presentations, the summit provided a dynamic environment for meaningful dialogue and knowledge-sharing. Networking opportunities enabled participants to connect with experts, strengthen collaborations, and help shape the future of food, agriculture, and animal sciences. Editorial Board: Ana Cristina Araujo Veloso - Higher Institute of Engineering of Coimbra, Portugal Antonio Jose Madeira Nogueira - Polytechnic Institute of Braganca, Portugal Marco Landi - University of Pisa, Italy Giorgis Sarais - University of Cagliari, Italy Nikoletta Ntalli - University of Thessaly, Greece Carlos Ernesto Luquez Gaitan - Autonomous University of Chapingo, Mexico Manuel Gastelo Benavides - Prociencia-Concytec, Peru Filipa Mandim - Polytechnic Institute of Bragance, Portugal Ourania Semelidou - National Institute of Health and Medical Research, France Antonio Jose Goncalves Fernandes - Polytechnic Institute of Braganca, Portugal Athanase K. Otchoumou - Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, Ivory Coast Anani Combe K. Selom - President of Ana Bio Togo

The workshop concluded that environmental conditions, spore characteristics, and surface types all influence how Bacillus anthracis behaves after decontamination. Factors such as UV exposure, humidity, pH, weathering, and soil type affect spore survival and adhesion, while particle size and attachment to dust or fibres shape inhalation risk. Porous materials, carpets, and busy environments increase the chance of resuspension. Although engineering controls can reduce the movement of residual spores, major knowledge gaps remain, especially regarding the infectious dose, post‑decontamination aerosol formation, and how exposure varies with height and population vulnerability. Effective recovery requires targeted, multi‑step decontamination using non‑persistent chemicals, with potential support from biological tools such as germinants or bacteriophages. Agricultural areas may need long‑term land‑use planning where complete removal is unrealistic. Access control, proportionate security, and reliable monitoring, particularly methods that distinguish viable spores from DNA, are essential. Clear, consistent communication is critical: The public must understand that zero spores cannot be guaranteed, and acceptable residual risk depends on context, land use, and operational practicality. Policies must balance scientific uncertainty, resource limits, population needs, and coordinated messaging while managing misinformation risks. Overall, the workshop urged a shift from unrealistic zero‑spore expectations toward flexible, evidence‑based approaches that balance science, practicality, and public expectations.

To realize our vision of rapidly and globally disseminating high-quality ideas without barriers, we are committed to advancing open science by sharing research in the natural and life sciences in a timely and effective manner. Guided by this mission, we continue to expand our publishing portfolio and are launching new journals that serve diverse scientific communities. In addition to our existing journals covering key topics in the natural and life sciences, we are pleased to introduce a new journal, Scientific Conference Reports (Sci. Conf. Rep.). We believe publishing conference abstracts provides quick visibility, prompt feedback, networking opportunities, collaboration, and momentum, which traditional journals often lack due to slower processes. Therefore, this journal serves as an open, accessible platform for sharing conference abstracts, proceedings, and reports, helping researchers communicate emerging findings, promote collaboration, and accelerate scientific exchange across disciplines and geographic locations. Scientific Conference Reports (Sci. Conf. Rep.) is an international, peer-reviewed journal that disseminates concise scholarly outputs from scientific conferences, symposia, congresses, and workshops in the natural and life sciences. Contributions may originate from international, regional, or specialized scientific meetings. The journal publishes conference abstracts and workshop and symposium reports presenting original research, preliminary results, or important updates from scientific meetings. It does not publish full-length research articles but complements traditional journals by enhancing research visibility and transparency and preserving the scholarly record in conference-based scientific communication. All submissions undergo editorial review to verify relevance, scientific clarity, and compliance with ethical publishing standards. The journal’s goal is to assist researchers, institutions, and scientific societies by enhancing the accessibility, traceability, and impact of conference scientific knowledge. I hope you enjoy publishing with us.